Soon afterwards the monks did not use water or tooth cleaners because they were afraid of wrongdoing. They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Monks, I allow you to use water and tooth cleaners after taking them yourselves. And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Final ruling ‘If a monk eats food that has not been given, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Definitions A: whoever … Monk: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case. That has not been given: what has not been received is what is meant. Given: standing within arm’s reach of one giving by body or by what is connected to his body or by releasing, he receives it by body or by what is connected to his body—this is called “given”. Food: whatever is edible, apart from water and tooth cleaners—this is called “food”. Except for water and tooth cleaners: apart from water and tooth cleaners. If he takes it with the intention of eating it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Permutations If it has not been received, and he does not perceive it as such, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it has not been received, but he is unsure of it, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it has not been not received, but he perceives it as such, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession.